Intentional Electromagnetic Interference or IEMI - 2

IEMI has inherent difficulties compared to unintentional EMI situations

However, additional problems arise when investigating the vulnerability of large

distributed networks, e.g., electrified railway systems or a power grid, against IEMI:

1) Large distributed systems has several, more or less, accessible points where

malicious electromagnetic energy can be introduced into the system.

2) To remedy this problem with accessibility traditional security measures could in

some cases be applicable but not in all. Some infrastructures require an openness

to operate, e.g. railway stations have to be accessible to passengers.